Undulant fever

Undulant fever is a disease caused by the bacteria Brucella. It is also known as brucellosis or Malta fever. The disease is primarily transmitted to humans from infected animals or animal products.

Symptoms

The symptoms of undulant fever include fever, sweating, weakness, anorexia, headache, pain in muscles and joints, and fatigue. The fever is typically undulant, meaning it peaks in the evening and subsides during the day.

Causes

Undulant fever is caused by several species of Brucella bacteria. The most common are Brucella melitensis, Brucella abortus, Brucella suis, and Brucella canis. These bacteria are primarily found in infected animals such as goats, sheep, cattle, dogs, and pigs.

Transmission

The disease is transmitted to humans through direct contact with infected animals or by consuming contaminated animal products such as unpasteurized milk and cheese. It can also be transmitted through the air or through wounds in the skin.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of undulant fever is made by isolating Brucella bacteria from blood, bone marrow, or other body fluids. Blood tests can also be used to detect antibodies against the bacteria.

Treatment

The treatment for undulant fever includes a combination of antibiotics such as doxycycline and rifampin. The treatment usually lasts for several weeks to prevent relapse.

Prevention

Prevention of undulant fever involves avoiding consumption of unpasteurized milk and cheese, and using protective equipment when handling animals or animal products.

See also

• Zoonosis
• Infectious disease

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