Urothelial cancer

Urothelial cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the urothelium, the tissue lining the inner surfaces of the bladder, ureters, and urethra. It is also known as transitional cell carcinoma.

Causes

The exact cause of urothelial cancer is not known, but several risk factors have been identified. These include smoking, exposure to certain chemicals, and a history of bladder infections or kidney stones.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of urothelial cancer include blood in the urine, frequent urination, and pain during urination. In advanced stages, the disease may cause pelvic pain and weight loss.

Diagnosis

Urothelial cancer is typically diagnosed through a combination of urine tests, imaging tests, and a cystoscopy, in which a thin tube with a camera is inserted into the urethra to examine the bladder.

Treatment

Treatment for urothelial cancer depends on the stage of the disease and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or immunotherapy. In some cases, a combination of these treatments may be used.

Prognosis

The prognosis for urothelial cancer varies depending on the stage of the disease at diagnosis and the patient's overall health. Early detection and treatment can significantly improve the prognosis.

See also

• Bladder cancer
• Ureteral cancer
• Urethral cancer

References

Urothelial cancer Resources
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