Pinworm

Pinworm (also known as Enterobius vermicularis) is a type of parasite that lives in the human digestive system. It is one of the most common types of intestinal parasite in the United States and Europe.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of the pinworm begins when eggs are ingested, usually through contaminated hands or surfaces. The eggs hatch in the small intestine, and the larvae migrate to the large intestine where they mature into adults. Female pinworms then migrate to the anus where they lay their eggs, causing an itchy sensation. This often leads to scratching, which can contaminate hands and surfaces with eggs, continuing the cycle.

Symptoms

The most common symptom of a pinworm infection is anal itching, especially at night. Other symptoms can include insomnia, irritability, and abdominal pain. In severe cases, pinworms can cause weight loss and nutritional deficiencies.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of pinworms is usually made through the "tape test". This involves placing a piece of clear tape on the anus in the morning, which can then be examined under a microscope for the presence of eggs. Other methods of diagnosis include examination of stool samples or direct observation of the worms.

Treatment

Treatment for pinworms usually involves medication to kill the worms, followed by strict hygiene measures to prevent re-infection. Medications commonly used include mebendazole, albendazole, and pyrantel pamoate. Hygiene measures include washing hands regularly, cleaning surfaces, and washing bedding and clothing.

Prevention

Prevention of pinworms involves regular hand washing, especially before meals and after using the toilet. It is also important to clean surfaces regularly, and to wash bedding and clothing frequently.

See Also

• Parasitic worms
• Intestinal parasites
• Helminthiasis

Pinworm Resources
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