Stokes-Adams syndrome

Stokes-Adams syndrome is a medical condition characterized by periodic episodes of cardiac arrest followed by spontaneous recovery, often accompanied by seizures. This syndrome is named after two physicians, Robert Adams and William Stokes, who first described the condition in the 19th century.

History[edit | edit source]

The syndrome was first described by Irish physician William Stokes in 1846, and later by Irish surgeon Robert Adams in 1827. The condition was named Stokes-Adams syndrome in their honor.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

The primary symptom of Stokes-Adams syndrome is a sudden, temporary loss of consciousness (syncope), often accompanied by seizures. Other symptoms may include palpitations, dizziness, and shortness of breath. These symptoms are caused by a temporary decrease in blood flow to the brain due to a sudden drop in heart rate or blood pressure.

Causes[edit | edit source]

Stokes-Adams syndrome is most commonly caused by a blockage in the electrical conduction system of the heart (heart block). This can occur as a result of aging, heart disease, or damage to the heart from a heart attack. Less commonly, the syndrome can be caused by certain medications or conditions that affect the nervous system.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of Stokes-Adams syndrome is based on the patient's medical history, physical examination, and the results of diagnostic tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG) and Holter monitor.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for Stokes-Adams syndrome typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This may include medication to control heart rate or blood pressure, or a procedure to implant a pacemaker to regulate the heart's electrical activity.

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

With appropriate treatment, the prognosis for individuals with Stokes-Adams syndrome is generally good. However, the condition can be life-threatening if not properly managed.

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Brown atrophy of the heart

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Keshan disease

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Loeffler endocarditis

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Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis

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