Osmotic laxative

Osmotic laxatives are a type of laxative used to alleviate constipation. They function by increasing the amount of water in the gut, which softens the stool and makes it easier to pass.

Mechanism of Action

Osmotic laxatives work by drawing water into the bowel from the nearby tissue, effectively increasing the water content and volume of the stools. This increased volume stimulates the contraction of the muscles in the bowel wall, which helps to move the stools along and out of the body.

Types of Osmotic Laxatives

There are several types of osmotic laxatives, including:

• Lactulose: A synthetic sugar used for the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy, a complication of liver disease.
• Polyethylene glycol: A long chain polymer that binds to water and can help to soften stools and increase their frequency.
• Magnesium hydroxide: Also known as milk of magnesia, this compound draws water into the intestines to stimulate bowel movements.
• Glycerin suppositories: These work by irritating the lining of the bowel and drawing water into the bowel.

Side Effects

Like all medications, osmotic laxatives can have side effects. These may include bloating, gas, diarrhea, and stomach cramps. In rare cases, long-term use can lead to an imbalance of electrolytes in the body, which can be serious.

Usage and Dosage

Osmotic laxatives are typically used for short-term relief of occasional constipation. They are not usually recommended for long-term use, as the body can become dependent on them to have a bowel movement. Dosage will depend on the specific type of laxative, the age of the patient, and the severity of the constipation.

See Also

• Laxative
• Constipation
• Bowel movement
• Gastrointestinal tract