Q fever vaccine

Q Fever Vaccine

The Q Fever Vaccine is a vaccine developed to protect against the infectious disease known as Q fever. Q fever is caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii, which is commonly found in cattle, sheep, and goats. The disease can be transmitted to humans through the inhalation of dust contaminated with these bacteria.

History

The Q Fever Vaccine was first developed in the 1970s in response to outbreaks of Q fever among workers in the livestock industry. The vaccine, known as Q-VAX®, is currently the only commercially available vaccine for Q fever and is produced by CSL Limited, an Australian biopharmaceutical company.

Efficacy and Usage

The Q Fever Vaccine has been shown to be highly effective in preventing Q fever. It is primarily used in Australia, where Q fever is endemic, and is recommended for people who work in high-risk occupations, such as abattoir workers, veterinarians, and farmers. The vaccine is not typically used in the general population due to the risk of severe adverse reactions in individuals who have previously been exposed to C. burnetii.

Vaccination Procedure

Before vaccination, individuals must undergo a skin test and blood test to determine whether they have previously been exposed to C. burnetii. Those who test positive are not eligible for vaccination due to the risk of severe reactions. The vaccine is given as a single dose by subcutaneous injection.

Side Effects and Risks

Common side effects of the Q Fever Vaccine include local reactions at the injection site, such as redness, swelling, and pain. Systemic reactions, such as fever and headache, can also occur. Severe reactions, including anaphylaxis, are rare but can occur, particularly in individuals who have previously been exposed to C. burnetii.

Future Developments

Research is ongoing to develop new vaccines for Q fever that are safer and can be used in a wider population. These include recombinant vaccines and subunit vaccines.

See Also

• Q fever
• Vaccine
• Coxiella burnetii
• CSL Limited