Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine
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Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine
The Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine (Russian: Спутник V) is a COVID-19 vaccine developed by the Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology in Russia. It is an adenovirus viral vector vaccine, which means it uses a modified virus to deliver genetic material from the SARS-CoV-2 virus into human cells to stimulate an immune response.
Development and Approval[edit | edit source]
The development of Sputnik V began in early 2020, shortly after the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. The vaccine was named after the Sputnik 1 satellite, the first artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1957. The vaccine was registered by the Russian Ministry of Health on August 11, 2020, making it the first COVID-19 vaccine to be approved for use in any country.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Sputnik V uses two different adenoviruses (rAd26 and rAd5) for the first and second doses, respectively. This heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy is designed to enhance the immune response. The adenoviruses are engineered to carry the gene for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, which prompts the body to produce an immune response against the virus.
Efficacy and Safety[edit | edit source]
Clinical trials have shown that Sputnik V has an efficacy rate of approximately 91.6%. The vaccine has been shown to be effective in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 and severe cases of the disease. Common side effects include mild flu-like symptoms, pain at the injection site, and fatigue.
Distribution and Use[edit | edit source]
Sputnik V has been approved for emergency use in over 70 countries worldwide. It is distributed in two doses, administered 21 days apart. The vaccine can be stored at temperatures between 2-8 degrees Celsius, making it easier to distribute compared to some other COVID-19 vaccines that require ultra-cold storage.
Controversies and Criticisms[edit | edit source]
The early approval of Sputnik V raised concerns among some scientists and public health experts due to the lack of published data from large-scale clinical trials at the time of its registration. However, subsequent peer-reviewed studies have supported its efficacy and safety.
Related Pages[edit | edit source]
- COVID-19 pandemic
- COVID-19 vaccine
- Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology
- Adenovirus
- SARS-CoV-2
- World Health Organization
See Also[edit | edit source]
- Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine
- Moderna COVID-19 vaccine
- AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine
- Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine
References[edit | edit source]
External Links[edit | edit source]
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