Stomach ache

Stomach ache or abdominal pain is a sensation of discomfort or distress in the area between the chest and the pelvis. The pain can range from mild to severe, and can be constant or intermittent, sharp or dull, cramp-like, or more generalized.

Causes

There are numerous potential causes of stomach ache, including indigestion, gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gallstones, appendicitis, and gastroenteritis. Other causes can include irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), diverticulitis, kidney stones, and gynecological disorders in women, such as endometriosis or ovarian cysts.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a stomach ache can be challenging due to the multitude of potential causes. A medical history and physical examination are typically the first steps. Further diagnostic tests may include blood tests, urine tests, stool tests, ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, or endoscopy.

Treatment

Treatment for a stomach ache depends on the underlying cause. This can range from lifestyle changes, such as dietary modifications for conditions like IBS or gastritis, to medication for conditions like peptic ulcer disease or gallstones. In some cases, such as appendicitis or severe diverticulitis, surgery may be required.

Prevention

Prevention of stomach ache can often be achieved through maintaining a healthy lifestyle. This includes a balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate hydration, and avoiding triggers such as excessive alcohol or spicy foods. Regular medical check-ups can also help to identify and manage any underlying conditions that may cause stomach ache.

See also

• Digestive system
• Gastroenterology
• Pain management