Indium In 111 ibritumomab tiuxetan

Indium In 111 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan

Indium In 111 ibritumomab tiuxetan is a radiopharmaceutical used in the diagnosis and treatment of certain types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). It is a monoclonal antibody that targets the CD20 antigen on B-lymphocytes, which are often overexpressed in B-cell lymphomas. This compound is part of a therapeutic regimen known as radioimmunotherapy, which combines the targeting capabilities of monoclonal antibodies with the cell-killing power of radiation.

Mechanism of Action

Indium In 111 ibritumomab tiuxetan works by binding to the CD20 antigen on the surface of B-cells. The monoclonal antibody, ibritumomab, is linked to a chelator, tiuxetan, which holds the radioactive isotope indium-111. Once the antibody binds to the CD20 antigen, the radiation emitted by indium-111 can destroy the targeted B-cells. This targeted approach allows for the delivery of radiation directly to the cancer cells, minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.

Clinical Use

Indium In 111 ibritumomab tiuxetan is primarily used in the treatment of relapsed or refractory low-grade, follicular, or transformed B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is often used in combination with other therapies, such as rituximab, to enhance its efficacy. The treatment is typically administered in a two-step process:

1.Pretreatment with Rituximab: Patients receive an initial dose of rituximab to deplete circulating B-cells and improve the distribution of the radiolabeled antibody. 2.Administration of Indium In 111 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan: The radiolabeled antibody is then administered, allowing for targeted radiation therapy.

Side Effects

Common side effects of indium In 111 ibritumomab tiuxetan include:

-Hematologic Toxicity: Patients may experience low blood cell counts, including neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. -Infusion Reactions: Some patients may have allergic reactions during the infusion, such as fever, chills, or rash. -Infections: Due to immunosuppression, there is an increased risk of infections.

Safety and Precautions

Patients receiving indium In 111 ibritumomab tiuxetan should be monitored for hematologic toxicity and signs of infection. It is important to follow radiation safety guidelines to minimize exposure to healthcare providers and family members.

Also see

- Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Monoclonal Antibody Therapy - Radioimmunotherapy - Rituximab