Whitmore disease

Whitmore's disease (also known as Melioidosis) is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium called Burkholderia pseudomallei. The disease is named after Alfred Whitmore, a British pathologist who first identified the disease in Burma in 1912.

Etiology

The causative agent of Whitmore's disease is Burkholderia pseudomallei, a Gram-negative bacterium that is found in soil and water. The bacterium is capable of surviving in harsh environmental conditions for extended periods of time. It is primarily found in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia, but cases have been reported in other parts of the world.

Transmission

Whitmore's disease is not typically transmitted from person to person. Instead, people acquire the infection from direct contact with contaminated soil or water. This can occur through skin abrasions or inhalation of aerosols. In rare cases, the disease can be contracted through ingestion of contaminated water.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Whitmore's disease can vary widely, ranging from mild, flu-like symptoms to severe pneumonia and septicemia. The disease can also cause abscesses in various organs, including the liver, spleen, and lungs. In severe cases, Whitmore's disease can be fatal if not treated promptly.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Whitmore's disease is typically made through culture of the bacterium from blood, sputum, or other body fluids. Serological tests can also be used to detect antibodies against Burkholderia pseudomallei.

Treatment

Treatment for Whitmore's disease typically involves a course of antibiotics, such as ceftazidime or meropenem, followed by a longer course of oral antibiotics to prevent relapse. In severe cases, surgical drainage of abscesses may be necessary.

Prevention

Prevention of Whitmore's disease primarily involves avoiding contact with contaminated soil and water in areas where the bacterium is endemic. Wearing protective clothing and using insect repellent can also help reduce the risk of infection.

See also

• Tropical medicine
• Infectious disease
• Burkholderia pseudomallei