Betatrophin

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Betatrophin[edit | edit source]

Betatrophin, also known as angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) or lipasin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C19orf80 gene. It is a member of the angiopoietin-like protein family and has been implicated in the regulation of lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis.

Discovery and Function[edit | edit source]

Betatrophin was first identified in 2013 as a hormone that could potentially stimulate the proliferation of beta cells in the pancreas, which are responsible for the production of insulin. This discovery suggested that betatrophin could play a role in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes, by increasing insulin production.

However, subsequent studies have produced mixed results regarding its role in beta cell proliferation. While initial studies in mice showed promising results, further research in humans has not consistently demonstrated the same effects. As a result, the role of betatrophin in beta cell proliferation remains controversial.

Role in Lipid Metabolism[edit | edit source]

Betatrophin is also involved in lipid metabolism. It is known to inhibit the enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which plays a critical role in the breakdown of triglycerides in the bloodstream. By inhibiting LPL, betatrophin can increase circulating triglyceride levels, which has implications for cardiovascular disease risk.

Expression and Regulation[edit | edit source]

Betatrophin is primarily expressed in the liver and adipose tissue. Its expression is regulated by nutritional status and metabolic signals. For example, fasting and insulin resistance can increase betatrophin levels, while feeding and insulin sensitivity can decrease its expression.

Clinical Implications[edit | edit source]

Given its role in lipid metabolism and potential effects on beta cell proliferation, betatrophin has been studied as a potential therapeutic target for metabolic diseases such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia. However, more research is needed to fully understand its functions and therapeutic potential.

Also see[edit | edit source]



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