Birthweight
Birthweight[edit | edit source]
Birthweight is the first weight of a newborn, measured immediately after birth. It is a critical indicator of a newborn's health and a predictor of future health outcomes. Birthweight is typically measured in grams or pounds and ounces.
Classification[edit | edit source]
Birthweight is classified into several categories:
- Low Birthweight (LBW): Less than 2,500 grams (5 pounds, 8 ounces).
- Very Low Birthweight (VLBW): Less than 1,500 grams (3 pounds, 5 ounces).
- Extremely Low Birthweight (ELBW): Less than 1,000 grams (2 pounds, 3 ounces).
- Normal Birthweight: 2,500 grams to 4,000 grams (5 pounds, 8 ounces to 8 pounds, 13 ounces).
- High Birthweight: More than 4,000 grams (8 pounds, 13 ounces).
Factors Affecting Birthweight[edit | edit source]
Several factors can influence birthweight, including:
- Genetic Factors: Parental genetics can play a significant role in determining the birthweight of a newborn.
- Maternal Health: Conditions such as gestational diabetes, hypertension, and pre-eclampsia can affect birthweight.
- Maternal Nutrition: Adequate nutrition during pregnancy is crucial for fetal growth and development.
- Gestational Age: Babies born preterm (before 37 weeks of gestation) are often smaller and have lower birthweights.
- Multiple Births: Twins, triplets, and other multiples are often smaller than singletons.
Health Implications[edit | edit source]
Birthweight is a significant predictor of neonatal health and survival. Low birthweight is associated with increased risks of:
Conversely, high birthweight can lead to complications such as:
- Shoulder dystocia during delivery
- Increased risk of childhood obesity
- Higher likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes later in life
Monitoring and Management[edit | edit source]
Healthcare providers monitor birthweight as part of routine newborn assessments. Management strategies for abnormal birthweights include:
- For low birthweight infants, interventions may include neonatal intensive care and specialized feeding plans.
- For high birthweight infants, monitoring for hypoglycemia and other metabolic issues is essential.
Also see[edit | edit source]
Pediatric glossary of terms | Glossary of medical terms | Dictionary of pediatrics
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