Darbepoetin
Darbepoetin[edit | edit source]
Longer acting formulations are also available including darbepoetin (Aranesp: 2001) and peginesatide (Omontys, 2012, now withdrawn). Darbepoetin alfa (dar” be poe’ e tin) is a modified (hyperglycosylated) recombinant erythropoietin that has an extended half-life and can be administered every one to three weeks.
Dosage and administration for Darbepoetin[edit source]
Darbepoetin is available in single dose vials and prefilled syringes of varying concentrations and is administered intravenously or subcutaneously. Peginesatide (peg” in es’ a tide) is a novel synthetic pegylated dipeptide that mimics the effects of erythropoietin on red cell progenitors, despite having no amino acid homology to the native growth factor. Peginesatide was typically given either subcutaneously or intravenously at 4 week intervals, but was withdrawn from the market in 2013 because of reports of severe hypersensitivity reactions. Epoetin, darbepoetin and peginesatide are collectively referred to as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA). Dosages and dose regimens (daily, three times weekly, weekly, and every two to four weeks) vary by formulation, indications and initial response.
Side effects of Darbepoetin[edit source]
Common side effects include hypertension (particularly in patients with renal disease), muscle and joint aches, fever, dizziness, headache, depression, cough and injection site reactions. Potentially serious, but rare side effects include hypersensitivity reactions, vascular occlusions, stroke and myocardial infarction.
Hematologic Agents Eculizumab, Emapalumab, Emicizumab, Lanadelumab, Ravulizumab
Hematologic Growth Factors
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factors
Thrombopoietin receptor agonists and Thrombopoiesis Stimulators
- Avatrombopag, Eltrombopag, Fostamatinib, Lusutrombopag, Romiplostim, Oprelvekin (IL-11)
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