Hyperalimentation

Hyperalimentation is a form of medical nutrition therapy in which nutrients are provided intravenously to patients who cannot or should not get their nutrition through eating. It is also known as parenteral nutrition or total parenteral nutrition (TPN).

Overview

Hyperalimentation is used when a patient's digestive system is not working properly, or when a patient is not able to eat enough food to get the necessary nutrients. This can occur in conditions such as Crohn's disease, cancer, short bowel syndrome, and in patients who are critically ill or undergoing certain types of surgery.

The nutrients provided in hyperalimentation include protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. These are mixed in a sterile environment and then administered through a vein, usually in the arm or chest.

Procedure

The procedure for hyperalimentation involves inserting a catheter into a large vein. The catheter is then connected to a bag that contains the nutrient solution. The solution is administered slowly, usually over 12 to 24 hours each day.

The patient's condition and nutritional needs will determine the specific composition of the nutrient solution. Regular blood tests are performed to monitor the patient's response to the treatment and to adjust the nutrient solution as necessary.

Risks and Complications

While hyperalimentation can provide essential nutrients to patients who cannot eat, it is not without risks. Complications can include infection, blood clots, liver disease, and metabolic imbalance. It is important that the procedure is performed by a trained healthcare professional and that the patient is closely monitored.

See Also

• Medical nutrition therapy
• Parenteral nutrition
• Intravenous therapy

Hyperalimentation Resources
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