2019–20 vaping lung illness outbreak

2019–20 Vaping Lung Illness Outbreak

The 2019–20 vaping lung illness outbreak, also known as EVALI (E-cigarette or Vaping product use-Associated Lung Injury), was a significant public health crisis in the United States. The outbreak was characterized by a sudden increase in cases of severe lung illness associated with the use of e-cigarettes and vaping products.

Background

The use of e-cigarettes and vaping devices has increased dramatically over the past decade, particularly among young adults and teenagers. These devices are often marketed as a safer alternative to traditional tobacco smoking, but concerns have been raised about their safety and long-term health effects.

Outbreak

The outbreak began in mid-2019, with the first cases reported in June. By February 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) had reported over 2,800 cases of EVALI across all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and two U.S. territories. There were 68 confirmed deaths attributed to the illness.

Symptoms

Patients with EVALI typically presented with respiratory symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Many also experienced gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, as well as systemic symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and weight loss.

Causes

Investigations by the CDC and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) identified Vitamin E acetate as a likely cause of the outbreak. This substance was found in many of the THC-containing vaping products used by patients. Vitamin E acetate is used as a thickening agent in some illicit vaping products and is harmful when inhaled.

Response

In response to the outbreak, the CDC issued warnings against the use of e-cigarettes and vaping products, particularly those containing THC. The FDA also took steps to regulate the sale of flavored e-cigarettes, which are popular among young users.

Impact

The outbreak led to increased scrutiny of the vaping industry and prompted legislative action at both state and federal levels. Several states implemented bans on flavored vaping products, and there was a push for stricter regulations on e-cigarette sales.

Also see

• E-cigarette
• Vaping
• Tobacco smoking
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• Food and Drug Administration