Growth hormone excess

Growth hormone excess is a medical condition characterized by the overproduction of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland. This condition can result in a number of physical changes and health complications, including gigantism in children and acromegaly in adults.

Causes

The primary cause of growth hormone excess is a noncancerous tumor of the pituitary gland called an adenoma. These tumors produce an excess amount of GH, which can lead to the physical changes associated with this condition. Other causes can include genetic mutations and certain medical conditions.

Symptoms

The symptoms of growth hormone excess can vary depending on the age of the individual. In children, the most common symptom is accelerated growth, leading to abnormal height and size for their age, a condition known as gigantism. In adults, the condition can lead to acromegaly, characterized by enlarged hands and feet, facial changes, joint pain, and thickened skin.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of growth hormone excess typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and blood tests to measure levels of GH and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Imaging tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may also be used to identify any pituitary tumors.

Treatment

Treatment for growth hormone excess primarily involves surgery to remove the pituitary tumor. Medications may also be used to reduce GH production and alleviate symptoms. In some cases, radiation therapy may be necessary.

See also

• Pituitary gland
• Gigantism
• Acromegaly
• Adenoma
• Insulin-like growth factor 1

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