Sacral defect anterior sacral meningocele
Sacral Defect Anterior Sacral Meningocele
An anterior sacral meningocele is a rare congenital condition characterized by a herniation of the meninges through a defect in the sacrum, forming a cystic mass in the presacral space. This condition is often associated with other congenital anomalies and can present with a variety of symptoms depending on its size and the structures it affects.
Etiology[edit | edit source]
Anterior sacral meningocele is thought to result from a failure of closure of the neural tube during embryonic development. This defect allows the meninges, which are the protective coverings of the spinal cord, to protrude through an abnormal opening in the sacrum.
Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
Patients with an anterior sacral meningocele may present with a range of symptoms, including:
- Pelvic or abdominal pain: Due to the mass effect of the meningocele on surrounding structures.
- Constipation or bowel obstruction: Resulting from compression of the rectum.
- Urinary symptoms: Such as urinary retention or incontinence, due to compression of the bladder or urethra.
- Neurological symptoms: If there is associated tethering of the spinal cord or nerve root involvement.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
The diagnosis of an anterior sacral meningocele is typically made using imaging studies. These may include:
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Provides detailed images of the soft tissues and can delineate the extent of the meningocele.
- Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: Useful for assessing the bony defect in the sacrum.
- Ultrasound: May be used in prenatal diagnosis or in infants.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
The treatment of anterior sacral meningocele often involves surgical intervention. The goals of surgery are to:
- Repair the sacral defect: To prevent further herniation of the meninges.
- Remove the meningocele: To alleviate symptoms caused by mass effect.
- Address any associated anomalies: Such as tethered cord syndrome.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis for individuals with an anterior sacral meningocele varies depending on the presence of associated anomalies and the success of surgical intervention. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing complications and improving outcomes.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
