Glucose tolerance

Glucokinase regulator (GKRP) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GCKR gene. It is an important component of the glucose homeostasis mechanism in the liver.

Function

Glucokinase (GK) is a key enzyme in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. It functions as a glucose sensor, triggering shifts in metabolism or cell function in response to rising or falling levels of glucose, such as occur after a meal or when fasting. The glucokinase regulator protein binds to GK in the nucleus and inhibits its activity. This binding is reversible, and is mediated by fructose metabolites. When fructose-1-phosphate is high, the glucokinase regulator protein releases GK to the cytoplasm, where it can stimulate glycolysis.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the GCKR gene have been associated with type 2 diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Studies have also suggested a link between the GCKR gene and fatty liver disease.

See also

• Glucokinase
• Glycolysis
• Type 2 diabetes
• Hypertriglyceridemia
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Fatty liver disease