Protein energy malnutrition

From WikiMD.com Medical Encyclopedia

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a form of malnutrition that is defined as a range of pathological conditions arising from coincident lack of protein and/or energy in varying proportions. The condition has mild, moderate, and severe degrees.

Causes[edit | edit source]

PEM is caused by a deficiency in the intake of protein and energy in relation to the body's needs. This deficiency can be caused by a lack of access to high-quality food, or by illnesses that increase the body's need for protein and energy or prevent their proper absorption and utilization.

Types[edit | edit source]

There are two main types of PEM: Kwashiorkor and Marasmus. Kwashiorkor is characterized by adequate energy intake but insufficient protein intake, while Marasmus is characterized by insufficient intake of both energy and protein.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Symptoms of PEM can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition, but they often include weight loss, fatigue, irritability, and edema. In severe cases, PEM can lead to stunted growth, mental impairment, and death.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for PEM typically involves increasing the intake of protein and energy. This can be achieved through a balanced diet or through the use of special therapeutic foods. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary.

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Prevention of PEM involves ensuring adequate intake of protein and energy. This can be achieved through a balanced diet, and in some cases, through the use of dietary supplements.

See also[edit | edit source]

Protein energy malnutrition Resources
PubMed
Wikipedia
Medicine-stub.png
This article is a stub related to medicine. You can help WikiMD by expanding it!
WikiMD
Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index‏‎ - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes

Search WikiMD

Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD

WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Let Food Be Thy Medicine
Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates

Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates, categories Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.

Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD