RHOA
| Recombinant Human Growth Hormone | |
|---|---|
| Other names | rhGH, somatropin |
| Specialty | Endocrinology |
| Symptoms | Short stature, growth failure |
| Causes | Growth hormone deficiency |
| Treatment | Hormone replacement therapy |
Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (rhGH), also known as somatropin, is a form of growth hormone (GH) that is synthesized using recombinant DNA technology. It is used in medicine to treat growth disorders in children and growth hormone deficiency in adults.
History[edit | edit source]
The development of recombinant human growth hormone began in the 1980s. Prior to this, growth hormone was extracted from the pituitary glands of cadavers, which posed risks of contamination and disease transmission. The advent of recombinant DNA technology allowed for the production of pure, safe, and effective growth hormone in the laboratory.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Recombinant human growth hormone acts by stimulating growth and cell reproduction. It binds to the growth hormone receptor, which activates intracellular signaling pathways that lead to the production of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1). IGF-1 is a key mediator of the growth-promoting effects of growth hormone.
Medical Uses[edit | edit source]
Recombinant human growth hormone is used to treat several conditions, including:
- Growth hormone deficiency in children and adults
- Turner syndrome
- Chronic kidney disease
- Prader-Willi syndrome
- Small for gestational age
- Idiopathic short stature
Administration[edit | edit source]
Recombinant human growth hormone is typically administered via subcutaneous injection. The dosage and frequency depend on the condition being treated and the patient's response to therapy.
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects of rhGH therapy include:
- Joint and muscle pain
- Swelling due to fluid retention
- Increased risk of diabetes
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
Controversies and Misuse[edit | edit source]
Recombinant human growth hormone has been misused for non-medical purposes, such as anti-aging treatments and performance enhancement in sports. Such uses are controversial and often illegal.
Research and Future Directions[edit | edit source]
Ongoing research is exploring the potential of rhGH in treating other conditions, such as HIV-associated wasting and short bowel syndrome. Advances in biotechnology may lead to improved formulations and delivery methods.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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