Sleep terrors

Sleep terrors, also known as night terrors, are a type of parasomnia that predominantly affects children but can also occur in adults. They are characterized by episodes of intense fear and physical activity during sleep.

Definition

Sleep terrors are episodes of screaming, intense fear and flailing while still asleep. These episodes usually occur during the first third of the night and last for a few minutes. The person experiencing a sleep terror may be difficult to awaken, and will not remember the episode in the morning.

Causes

The exact cause of sleep terrors is unknown, but they can be triggered by stress, sleep deprivation, and certain medications. They are also more common in people with a family history of sleep terrors or other sleep disorders.

Symptoms

The main symptom of sleep terrors is a sudden awakening from sleep with a piercing scream or shout. This is often accompanied by physical behaviors such as flailing, kicking, or thrashing about. The person may also exhibit signs of intense fear, such as a rapid heart rate, heavy breathing, and sweating.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of sleep terrors is usually based on a person's description of the events. In some cases, a sleep study may be conducted to rule out other sleep disorders.

Treatment

Treatment for sleep terrors is not usually necessary, as most children outgrow them by their teenage years. However, if the sleep terrors are causing significant distress or danger to the individual or others, treatment options may include addressing underlying conditions, improving sleep hygiene, and in some cases, medication.

See also

• Nightmare
• Sleepwalking
• Sleep disorders
• Parasomnia