Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid
An article about Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, a histone deacetylase inhibitor used in cancer treatment.
| Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid | |
|---|---|
| |
| INN | |
| Drug class | |
| Routes of administration | Oral |
| Pregnancy category | |
| Bioavailability | |
| Metabolism | |
| Elimination half-life | 2 hours |
| Excretion | |
| Legal status | |
| CAS Number | 149647-78-9 |
| PubChem | 5311 |
| DrugBank | DB02546 |
| ChemSpider | 5120 |
| KEGG | D06444 |
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), also known as vorinostat, is a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDAC inhibitor) used in the treatment of cancer. It is primarily used for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and has shown potential in treating other types of cancer.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid works by inhibiting the activity of histone deacetylases. These enzymes are responsible for removing acetyl groups from histone proteins, which leads to a more compact and transcriptionally repressed chromatin structure. By inhibiting HDACs, SAHA causes an accumulation of acetylated histones, leading to a more open chromatin structure and increased transcription of genes that can induce cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis in cancer cells.
Clinical Use[edit | edit source]
SAHA is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of cutaneous manifestations in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma who have progressive, persistent, or recurrent disease on or following two systemic therapies. It is administered orally and is typically used when other treatments have failed.
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects of SAHA include fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, thrombocytopenia, and anorexia. More serious side effects can include pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, and dehydration. Patients undergoing treatment with SAHA require regular monitoring of blood counts and hydration status.
Research and Development[edit | edit source]
Research is ongoing to explore the efficacy of SAHA in treating other types of cancer, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. Studies are also investigating its potential use in combination with other anticancer agents to enhance therapeutic outcomes.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Bonnu, Prab R. Tumpati, MD
