Night terror
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Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Night terror | |
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Synonyms | N/A |
Pronounce | N/A |
Specialty | N/A |
Symptoms | Screaming, sweating, confusion, rapid heart rate |
Complications | N/A |
Onset | Typically in childhood |
Duration | A few minutes |
Types | Parasomnia |
Causes | Stress, sleep deprivation, fever, sleep apnea |
Risks | Family history, anxiety |
Diagnosis | Based on clinical history |
Differential diagnosis | Nightmare disorder, seizure disorder |
Prevention | Good sleep hygiene, stress management |
Treatment | Reassurance, psychotherapy, medication |
Medication | N/A |
Prognosis | Generally resolves with age |
Frequency | Common in children, rare in adults |
Deaths | N/A |
Night terrors, also known as sleep terrors, are a type of parasomnia disorder characterized by episodes of intense fear, screaming, and flailing while still asleep. These episodes typically occur during the first third of the night during NREM sleep, specifically during slow-wave sleep.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
Night terrors are often accompanied by autonomic symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, sweating, and increased breathing rate. During an episode, the individual may appear to be awake, with their eyes open, but they are actually in a state of deep sleep and are usually unresponsive to external stimuli.
Causes[edit | edit source]
The exact cause of night terrors is not well understood, but they are believed to be related to central nervous system immaturity, which is why they are more common in children. Other factors that may contribute include sleep deprivation, stress, fever, and certain medications.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Night terrors are typically diagnosed based on the description of the episodes. A sleep study may be conducted to rule out other sleep disorders such as sleep apnea.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
In many cases, treatment is not necessary as children often outgrow night terrors. However, ensuring a regular sleep schedule and a calming bedtime routine can help reduce the frequency of episodes. In severe cases, cognitive behavioral therapy or medication may be recommended.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
Most children outgrow night terrors by adolescence. In adults, night terrors may be associated with other underlying conditions and may require further investigation.
See also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD