Liver steatosis

Liver steatosis, also known as fatty liver, is a reversible condition where large vacuoles of triglyceride fat accumulate in liver cells via the process of steatosis (i.e., abnormal retention of lipids within a cell). Despite having multiple causes, fatty liver can be considered a single disease that occurs worldwide in those with excessive alcohol intake and the obese (with or without effects of insulin resistance). The condition is also associated with other diseases that influence fat metabolism.

Causes

The most common cause of liver steatosis is alcoholism and heavy drinking. In many cases, doctors don't know what causes fatty liver in people who don't drink much alcohol. Fatty liver can also occur with rapid weight loss and malnutrition. Many people with liver steatosis have metabolic syndrome - a group of conditions that increase your risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes.

Symptoms

Most people with liver steatosis experience no symptoms. Some people may experience fatigue, pain or discomfort in the upper right abdomen. However, liver steatosis is usually discovered during a routine checkup or blood test.

Diagnosis

Liver steatosis is diagnosed through a blood test or imaging studies, such as an ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI. In some cases, a liver biopsy may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of liver damage.

Treatment

Treatment for liver steatosis involves lifestyle changes, including losing weight, exercising regularly, controlling diabetes, and maintaining a healthy diet. In severe cases, liver transplantation may be necessary.

Prognosis

With early intervention, liver steatosis is reversible. However, if left untreated, it can progress to cirrhosis, a serious condition that can lead to liver failure.

See also

• Alcoholic liver disease
• Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
• Hepatitis
• Cirrhosis