Cerebrospinal meningitis

Cerebrospinal Meningitis (also known as Meningococcal Meningitis or simply Meningitis) is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection of the meninges, the protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. The disease is caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis, which is spread through close contact with an infected person.

Causes

The primary cause of Cerebrospinal Meningitis is the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. This bacterium is commonly found in the throat and nasal passages of humans and is spread through close contact with an infected person. Other bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, can also cause meningitis, but these cases are less common.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Cerebrospinal Meningitis can vary, but often include fever, headache, and a stiff neck. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, and confusion. In severe cases, the disease can lead to seizures, coma, and death.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Cerebrospinal Meningitis is typically made through a lumbar puncture, in which a sample of cerebrospinal fluid is taken from the spinal canal and tested for the presence of Neisseria meningitidis. Other tests, such as blood cultures and imaging studies, may also be used to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for Cerebrospinal Meningitis typically involves hospitalization and the administration of intravenous antibiotics. In severe cases, hospitalization in an intensive care unit may be necessary. Early treatment is critical to prevent serious complications and death.

Prevention

Prevention of Cerebrospinal Meningitis involves vaccination against Neisseria meningitidis. The vaccine is typically given to children and adolescents, but may also be recommended for certain adults, particularly those who are at increased risk of infection.

See also

• Meningococcal disease
• Meningococcal vaccine
• Bacterial meningitis