Cryptococcal meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a serious infection of the meninges, the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, caused by the fungus Cryptococcus. This condition is most common in people with weakened immune systems, particularly those with HIV/AIDS.

Causes

Cryptococcal meningitis is caused by the fungus Cryptococcus. This fungus is found in soil around the world. It is most commonly found in soil contaminated by bird droppings. The fungus can be inhaled and then spread to the brain to cause meningitis.

Symptoms

The symptoms of cryptococcal meningitis can vary, but may include:

• Fever
• Headache
• Nausea and vomiting
• Neck stiffness
• Sensitivity to light
• Confusion
• Changes in behavior

Diagnosis

Cryptococcal meningitis is diagnosed through a series of tests. These may include:

• Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to collect and examine the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
• Blood tests
• Imaging tests such as MRI or CT scan

Treatment

Treatment for cryptococcal meningitis usually involves long-term antifungal medications. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for cryptococcal meningitis include avoiding areas with a high amount of bird droppings and taking antifungal medications for those with weakened immune systems.

See also

• Meningitis
• Fungal infections
• HIV/AIDS

Cryptococcal meningitis Resources
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