Famcyclovir

Famciclovir is an antiviral drug used in the treatment of herpes zoster (shingles), herpes simplex viruses and other viral infections. It is a prodrug form of penciclovir with improved oral bioavailability. Famciclovir is marketed under the trade name Famvir (Novartis).

Mechanism of Action

Famciclovir is a prodrug that is converted to penciclovir in the body. The conversion process is catalyzed by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. Penciclovir is then converted to its active form, penciclovir triphosphate, by cellular kinase enzymes. Penciclovir triphosphate inhibits viral DNA polymerase and thus prevents viral DNA synthesis and replication.

Indications

Famciclovir is indicated for the treatment of:

• Herpes zoster (shingles)
• Genital herpes infections in immunocompetent patients
• Recurrent mucocutaneous herpes simplex infections in HIV-infected patients
• Suppression of recurrent genital herpes

Side Effects

Common side effects of famciclovir include:

• Headache
• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Vomiting
• Fatigue
• Abdominal pain

Serious side effects include:

• Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP/HUS)
• Acute hypersensitivity reactions
• Hepatitis
• Seizure

Contraindications

Famciclovir is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug or its components.

Drug Interactions

Famciclovir may interact with other drugs such as probenecid and digoxin.

Dosage

The dosage of famciclovir varies depending on the indication and the patient's renal function.

References

Famcyclovir Resources
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