Maximum androgen blockade
Maximum androgen blockade (MAB), also known as combined androgen blockade (CAB), is a medical treatment strategy for advanced prostate cancer. It involves the use of a combination of medications to block the effects of androgens, the male sex hormones, in the body. This is achieved by inhibiting the production of androgens and blocking their effects on the prostate cancer cells.
Mechanism of action[edit | edit source]
The primary mechanism of action of maximum androgen blockade is the inhibition of androgen receptors. These receptors are proteins found in both normal and cancerous prostate cells that bind to androgens and stimulate cell growth. By blocking these receptors, MAB prevents androgens from promoting the growth of prostate cancer cells.
In addition to receptor blockade, MAB also involves the use of medications that inhibit the production of androgens. This is achieved by suppressing the function of the testes, which are the primary source of androgens in the body, and the adrenal glands, which produce a smaller amount of androgens.
Treatment regimen[edit | edit source]
The typical treatment regimen for maximum androgen blockade involves the use of a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist or antagonist, which inhibits the production of androgens by the testes, in combination with an antiandrogen medication, which blocks the effects of androgens on the prostate cancer cells.
The LHRH agonists used in MAB include medications such as leuprolide and goserelin, while the LHRH antagonists include degarelix. The antiandrogen medications used in MAB include bicalutamide, flutamide, and nilutamide.
Efficacy and side effects[edit | edit source]
Several clinical trials have shown that maximum androgen blockade can improve survival in men with advanced prostate cancer. However, the treatment is associated with a number of side effects, including hot flashes, sexual dysfunction, and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
See also[edit | edit source]
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