Reiter's syndrome

Reiter's Syndrome is a type of reactive arthritis, a condition that causes inflammation in various places in the body. It is named after the German physician Hans Reiter, who first described the condition in 1916.

Symptoms

Reiter's Syndrome typically presents with three distinct symptoms: arthritis, conjunctivitis, and urethritis. The arthritis often affects the knees, ankles, and feet, causing pain and swelling. Conjunctivitis, or inflammation of the eye, results in redness, irritation, and discharge. Urethritis, inflammation of the urethra, leads to increased frequency of urination and discomfort during urination.

Causes

Reiter's Syndrome is usually triggered by an infection, most commonly a sexually transmitted infection or a gastrointestinal infection. The most common pathogens associated with Reiter's Syndrome are Chlamydia trachomatis, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, and Campylobacter. It is thought that the body's immune response to these infections leads to the inflammation characteristic of Reiter's Syndrome.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Reiter's Syndrome is primarily based on the presence of the characteristic triad of symptoms. Laboratory tests may be used to identify the triggering infection, and radiography may be used to identify changes in the joints.

Treatment

Treatment of Reiter's Syndrome focuses on managing symptoms and treating the triggering infection. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are often used to reduce inflammation and pain. If NSAIDs are ineffective, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs may be used. Antibiotics are used to treat the triggering infection.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Reiter's Syndrome is generally good, with most individuals recovering fully within 3-12 months. However, some individuals may experience recurrent episodes of the disease, and a small percentage may develop chronic, severe arthritis.

See also

• Arthritis
• Reactive arthritis
• Chlamydia trachomatis
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug