Cmac

Cystic Medial Arterial Calcification
Synonyms	Cystic Medial Necrosis
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms
Complications	Aortic dissection, Aneurysm
Onset
Duration
Types	N/A
Causes
Risks
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Prevention
Treatment
Medication
Prognosis
Frequency
Deaths	N/A

Cystic Medial Arterial Calcification (CMAC), also known as Cystic Medial Necrosis, is a degenerative condition of the arterial wall characterized by the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in the tunica media of large arteries. This condition is most commonly associated with the aorta, particularly in the context of aortic dissection and aortic aneurysm.

Pathophysiology

CMAC involves the degeneration of the elastic fibers and smooth muscle cells within the tunica media of the arterial wall. This degeneration leads to the formation of cyst-like spaces filled with mucopolysaccharides. Over time, these changes can weaken the arterial wall, predisposing it to dissection or aneurysm formation.

The exact mechanism of CMAC is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, biochemical, and mechanical factors. The condition is often seen in association with Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and other connective tissue disorders.

Clinical Presentation

Patients with CMAC may be asymptomatic until a complication such as an aortic dissection or aneurysm occurs. Symptoms, when present, are related to these complications and may include:

• Sudden, severe chest or back pain
• Shortness of breath
• Syncope
• Signs of heart failure

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of CMAC is typically made through imaging studies. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can reveal characteristic changes in the aortic wall. Histological examination of the arterial wall, often obtained during surgery or autopsy, shows the classic findings of cystic spaces within the tunica media.

Management

Management of CMAC focuses on monitoring and treating complications. Regular imaging studies may be used to monitor the size of an aortic aneurysm. Surgical intervention may be necessary if the aneurysm reaches a size that poses a significant risk of rupture.

Prognosis

The prognosis of CMAC depends on the presence and severity of complications. Early detection and management of aortic aneurysms and dissections can improve outcomes.

See Also

• Aortic dissection
• Aortic aneurysm
• Marfan syndrome
• Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

External Links

• [Link to relevant medical resources]

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