Immunological

Immunological refers to anything pertaining to the immune system or immunity. The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against harmful invaders such as bacteria, viruses, and disease-causing microorganisms, collectively known as pathogens.

Overview

The immune system is divided into two main parts: the innate immune system, which you are born with, and the adaptive immune system, which you develop when your body is exposed to microbes or chemicals released by microbes. These two immune systems work together to protect the body.

Innate Immune System

The innate immune system is the body's first line of defense against infection. It includes physical barriers like the skin and mucous membranes, as well as cells and proteins that are always ready to defend the body against infection.

Adaptive Immune System

The adaptive immune system is the second line of defense and is activated when the innate immune system is unable to destroy the infection. It is more complex than the innate immune system and includes the lymphocytes (B-cells and T-cells), and the antibodies that they produce.

Immune Response

When the body is exposed to a pathogen, the immune system mounts an immune response. This involves the production of white blood cells, antibodies, and other substances that attack and destroy the pathogen.

Disorders of the Immune System

Disorders of the immune system can lead to autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system attacks the body's own cells as if they were foreign. Inflammatory diseases occur when the immune system overreacts to a non-threatening substance, like pollen or dust.

See Also

• Immune system
• Innate immune system
• Adaptive immune system
• Autoimmune diseases
• Inflammatory diseases

Immunological Resources
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