Unna's seborrhoeic eczema

Unna's seborrhoeic eczema, also known as Unna's disease, is a skin condition characterized by the presence of red, scaly, and itchy patches on the skin. It is a subtype of seborrhoeic dermatitis, which is a common, chronic, or relapsing form of eczema or dermatitis that primarily affects sebum-rich areas of the skin. The condition was first described by the German dermatologist Paul Gerson Unna in the late 19th century, who noted its distinct features from other forms of dermatitis.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

The primary symptoms of Unna's seborrhoeic eczema include itching, redness, and flaky skin patches that may appear oily or greasy. These symptoms predominantly occur on the scalp, face, chest, and back. In infants, this condition is often referred to as cradle cap when it affects the scalp.

Diagnosis of Unna's seborrhoeic eczema is mainly clinical, based on the appearance and distribution of the skin lesions. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions with similar presentations, such as psoriasis or atopic dermatitis.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of Unna's seborrhoeic eczema is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and physiological factors. A significant risk factor is the overgrowth of a yeast-like fungus called Malassezia, which is naturally present on the skin's surface. Other factors that may contribute to the development of the condition include stress, hormonal changes, cold and dry weather, and the use of harsh soaps or detergents.

Treatment

Treatment for Unna's seborrhoeic eczema aims to reduce inflammation, minimize flare-ups, and control the growth of Malassezia. Common treatments include antifungal creams or shampoos, topical steroids, and medicated cleansers. In more severe cases, systemic treatments such as oral antifungals or immunomodulators may be prescribed. Maintaining a gentle skincare routine and avoiding known triggers can also help manage the condition.

Prevention

While there is no guaranteed way to prevent Unna's seborrhoeic eczema, measures can be taken to reduce the risk of flare-ups. These include using mild, non-irritating skin care products, managing stress, and avoiding extreme temperatures. Regular washing with medicated shampoos can also help control the growth of Malassezia on the scalp.

See Also

• Dermatitis
• Eczema
• Psoriasis
• Skin care

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Source: Data courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Since the data might have changed, please query MeSH on Unna's seborrhoeic eczema for any updates.

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