Geography of Cape Verde

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Geography of Cape Verde

Cape Verde is an archipelago located in the central Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of West Africa. The country consists of ten volcanic islands and several islets, which are divided into two groups: the Barlavento Islands (windward) and the Sotavento Islands (leeward).

Islands[edit | edit source]

The main islands of Cape Verde are:

Barlavento Islands[edit | edit source]

The Barlavento Islands include:

Sotavento Islands[edit | edit source]

The Sotavento Islands include:

Topography[edit | edit source]

Cape Verde's terrain is mostly mountainous, with the highest peak being Pico do Fogo on the island of Fogo, which rises to 2,829 meters. The islands have a rugged landscape with steep cliffs, deep valleys, and volcanic craters. The coastal areas are characterized by sandy beaches and rocky shores.

Climate[edit | edit source]

Cape Verde has a tropical climate with a distinct wet and dry season. The wet season occurs from August to October, while the dry season lasts from November to July. The islands experience moderate temperatures year-round, with average temperatures ranging from 22°C to 27°C.

Natural Resources[edit | edit source]

The natural resources of Cape Verde include salt, basalt rock, limestone, kaolin, and fish. The country has limited arable land, and agriculture is constrained by the arid climate and poor soil quality.

Flora and Fauna[edit | edit source]

The flora of Cape Verde includes a mix of indigenous and introduced species. The islands are home to several endemic plant species, such as the Cape Verde dragon tree and the Cape Verde spurges. The fauna includes various bird species, reptiles, and marine life. The islands are an important habitat for seabirds and migratory birds.

Environmental Issues[edit | edit source]

Cape Verde faces several environmental challenges, including deforestation, soil erosion, desertification, and water scarcity. The government has implemented various measures to address these issues, such as reforestation projects and water conservation programs.