Geography of Algeria

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== Geography of Algeria ==

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Topographic map of Algeria

The geography of Algeria is diverse and expansive, covering a vast area in North Africa. Algeria is the largest country in Africa and the tenth largest in the world, with a total area of approximately 2,381,741 square kilometers. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Tunisia and Libya to the northeast, Niger to the southeast, Mali and Mauritania to the southwest, and Western Sahara and Morocco to the west.

Topography

Algeria's topography is characterized by a variety of landscapes, including coastal plains, mountain ranges, and vast desert regions. The northern part of the country is dominated by the Tell Atlas and the Saharan Atlas mountain ranges, which run parallel to the Mediterranean coast. The highest peak in Algeria is Mount Tahat, located in the Hoggar Mountains in the central part of the country, with an elevation of 2,908 meters.

The coastal region, known as the Tell, is fertile and densely populated, with major cities such as Algiers, Oran, and Constantine. South of the Tell Atlas lies the High Plateaus, a series of steppe-like plains that transition into the Saharan Atlas.

Climate

Algeria experiences a range of climates, from the Mediterranean climate along the coast to the arid desert climate of the Sahara Desert. The coastal region enjoys mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers, while the interior regions experience more extreme temperatures. The Sahara Desert, which covers more than 80% of Algeria's land area, is characterized by very high temperatures during the day and significantly cooler temperatures at night.

Natural Resources

Algeria is rich in natural resources, particularly petroleum and natural gas. The country is one of the largest producers of natural gas in the world and has significant oil reserves. Other natural resources include iron ore, phosphates, uranium, and lead.

Environmental Issues

Algeria faces several environmental challenges, including desertification, water scarcity, and pollution. The expansion of the Sahara Desert poses a significant threat to agricultural land and biodiversity. Efforts are being made to combat these issues through reforestation projects and sustainable water management practices.

Related Pages

• Algiers
• Sahara Desert
• Tell Atlas
• Hoggar Mountains
• Mediterranean Sea
• Natural gas in Algeria
• Petroleum industry in Algeria