Proctology

Proctology is a branch of medicine that deals with the structure and diseases of the anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon. The field is also known as colorectal surgery, and practitioners are referred to as proctologists or colorectal surgeons.

History

The term "proctology" is derived from the Greek words Proktos, meaning "anus" or "hindparts", and logos, meaning "science" or "study". It was first used in the 19th century, during a time when specialists began to emerge in the field of medicine.

In the mid-20th century, proctology was recognized as a specialty in the United States. However, in the late 20th century, the specialty was subsumed into the broader field of general surgery. Today, proctology is considered a subspecialty of general surgery and is often combined with colorectal surgery.

Scope

Proctologists diagnose and treat a variety of conditions related to the anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon. These include hemorrhoids, anal fissures, fistulas, rectal prolapse, perianal abscesses, and anal cancer. They also perform procedures such as colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy to detect abnormalities in the lower digestive tract.

Training and certification

In the United States, proctologists must complete a five-year residency in general surgery followed by a one to two-year fellowship in colorectal surgery. They must then pass an examination administered by the American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery to become board-certified.

See also

• Gastroenterology
• General surgery
• Colorectal surgery
• American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery

Proctology Resources
Latest articles Most recent articles Ongoing trials	Wikipedia