Template:Phytochemicals

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Types of phytochemicals

Types of terpenes and terpenoids (# of isoprene units)

Basic forms:

* Acyclic (linear, cis and trans forms)

Monocyclic (single ring)
Bicyclic (2 rings)
Iridoids (cyclopentane ring)
Iridoid glycosides (iridoids bound to a sugar)
Steroids (4 rings)

Hemiterpenoids (1)

* Isoprene (C₅H₈)

Monoterpenes (C₁₀H₁₆)(2)

Acyclic	* Ocimene Myrcenes
Monocyclic	* Limonene Terpinene Phellandrene
Bicyclic	* Pinene (α and β) Camphene Thujene Sabinene Carene

Monoterpenoids (2,modified)

Acyclic	* Citronellal Citral Citronellol Geraniol Geranyl pyrophosphate Halomon Linalool
Monocyclic	* Grapefruit mercaptan Menthol p-Cymene Thujaplicins (Hinokitiol) Thymol Perillyl alcohol Carvacrol
Bicyclic	* Camphor Borneol Bornyl acetate Eucalyptol Ascaridole Umbellulone

Sesquiterpenoids (3)

Bisabolol
Cadinene
Cadinol
Cedrene
Chanootin
Farnesyl pyrophosphate
Juniperol
Longifolene
Muurolene
Nootkatin

Phenolic compounds

Types of phenolic compounds

Natural monophenols

Types of polyphenols

Flavonoids
(C6-C3-C6)

Types of flavonoids

Flavones	* Apigenin, Chrysin, et.c.
Flavonols	* Quercetin, Kaempferol, et.c.
Isoflavones	* Daidzein, Genistein, Orobol et.c.
Neoflavonoids	* Dalbergichromene

Flavan	* Luteoliflavan
Flavan-3-ols (flavanols)	* Catechin, Gallocatechol, et.c.
Flavan-4-ols (flavanols)	* Apiforol, Luteoforol, et.c.
Flavan-3,4-diols	* Leucocyanidin, Leucodelphinidin, et.c.
Flavanones	* Hesperidin Naringenin Eriodictyol

3-deoxyanthocyanidins	* Cyanidin, Delphinidin, et.c.
3-hydroxyanthocyanidin	* Apigeninidin, Guibourtinidin, et.c.

Leptosidin

Chalcones	* Butein, Isoliquiritigenin, et.c.
Dihydrochalcone	* Phloretin

Flavonoid biosynthesis

Lignans
((C6-C3)₂)

Stilbenoids
(C6-C2-C6)

Monohydroxybenzoic acids

Aglycones	* 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid Salicylic acid
Glycosides	* p-Hydroxybenzoic acid glucoside

Dihydroxybenzoic acids

* 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (Hypogallic acid)

Trihydroxybenzoic acids

Other phenolic acids

Ellagic acid

Hydroxycinnamic acids

* α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid

Aromatic amino acids

* phenylalanine

Phenylethanoids

Others

*Precursor to isothiocyanates

Aglycone derivatives
Organosulfides
- Sulfides
- Polysulfides
  - Diallyl disulfide
Indoles

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