Moxifloxacin
Information about Moxifloxacin[edit source]
Moxifloxacin is a fourth generation fluoroquinolone with expanded activity against gram-positive bacteria as well as atypical pathogens.
Liver safety of Moxifloxacin[edit source]
Moxifloxacin has been linked to mild ALT elevations during therapy and to rare instances of idiosyncratic acute liver injury with symptoms and jaundice.
Mechanism of action of Moxifloxacin[edit source]
Moxifloxacin (mox" i flox' a sin) is a fourth generation fluoroquinolone with expanded activity against gram-positive bacteria including multidrug resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Like other fluoroquinolones, moxifloxacin is active against a wide range of aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. The quinolones are believed to act by inhibition of type II DNA toposiomerases (gyrases) that are required for synthesis of bacterial mRNAs (transcription) and DNA replication.
FDA approval information for Moxifloxacin[edit source]
Moxifloxacin was approved for use in the United States in 1999 and is available generically and under the commercial names of Avelox, Moxeza and Vigamox. Current indications include mild-to-moderate bacterial infections such as sinusitis, bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia, skin infections, cellulitis, abcesses and complicated intraabdominal infections due to sensitive organisms. Moxifloxacin is available in formulations of 400 mg tablets, the usual dose being 400 mg daily for 5 to 14 days. Intravenous formulations are available for moderate to severe infections, the usual IV dosages being 400 mg daily.
Side effects of Moxifloxacin[edit source]
Common side effects include gastrointestinal upset, headaches, skin rash and allergic reactions. Less common but more severe side effects of the fluoroquinolones include prolongation of the QT interval, seizures, hallucinations, tendon rupture, angioedema and photosensitivity.
List of flouroquinolones[edit source]
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