Pre-term birth

Preterm birth is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age. These babies are known as preemies or premmies. Symptoms of preterm labor include uterine contractions which occur more often than every ten minutes and the leaking of fluid from the vagina. Premature infants are at greater risk for cerebral palsy, delays in development, hearing problems, and sight problems. These risks are greater the earlier a baby is born.

Causes

The cause of preterm birth is often not known. Risk factors include diabetes, high blood pressure, being pregnant with more than one baby, being either obese or underweight, a number of vaginal infections, tobacco smoking, and psychological stress, among others. It is recommended that labor not be medically induced before 39 weeks unless required for other medical reasons.

Prevention

To prevent preterm birth, it is recommended that pregnant women receive routine prenatal care, avoid tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs, and receive vaccinations. In those with a history of preterm birth, progesterone, if taken during pregnancy, may prevent a subsequent preterm birth.

Treatment

Babies that are born less than 37 weeks may face serious health challenges and are at risk of long-term problems. Treatments can include care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), temperature controlled beds, and special feeding programs.

See also

• Infant mortality
• Neonatology
• Pregnancy
• Premature birth

Pre-term birth Resources
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