Sex cord tumor

Sex cord tumor is a type of tumor that originates from the sex cord-stromal cells of the gonad. These tumors can occur in both males and females, and they can be either benign or malignant. The term "sex cord" refers to the cells in the gonads that are involved in sex determination and reproduction.

Types

There are several types of sex cord tumors, including:

• Granulosa cell tumor: This is the most common type of sex cord tumor. It can occur at any age, but it is most common in postmenopausal women. Granulosa cell tumors can produce estrogen, which can lead to symptoms such as abnormal uterine bleeding.

• Theca cell tumor: This type of tumor is rare and usually benign. It can also produce estrogen.

• Sertoli cell tumor: This type of tumor occurs in the testes and is usually benign. It can produce androgens, which can lead to symptoms such as early puberty in boys.

• Leydig cell tumor: This type of tumor also occurs in the testes and is usually benign. It can produce androgens or estrogens.

• Fibroma: This is a benign tumor that can occur in the ovaries or testes.

Symptoms

The symptoms of sex cord tumors can vary depending on the type of tumor and the hormones it produces. Symptoms can include:

• Abnormal uterine bleeding
• Early puberty
• Enlarged ovaries or testes
• Pain in the abdomen or pelvis

Diagnosis

Sex cord tumors are diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, imaging tests such as ultrasound or CT scan, and biopsy. Blood tests may also be done to measure levels of hormones such as estrogen and testosterone.

Treatment

Treatment for sex cord tumors depends on the type of tumor, its size and location, and whether it has spread to other parts of the body. Treatment options can include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

See also

• Ovarian cancer
• Testicular cancer

Sex cord tumor Resources
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