Skin Cancer
Skin Cancer is a type of cancer that originates from the skin. It is the most common form of cancer globally, with millions of new cases diagnosed each year. Skin cancer is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun and from tanning beds.
Types of Skin Cancer[edit | edit source]
There are three major types of skin cancer: Basal-cell skin cancer (BCC), Squamous-cell skin cancer (SCC), and Melanoma.
Basal-cell Skin Cancer[edit | edit source]
Basal-cell skin cancer is the most common type of skin cancer. It rarely spreads to other parts of the body or results in death. It appears as a painless raised area of skin, which may be shiny with small blood vessels running over it.
Squamous-cell Skin Cancer[edit | edit source]
Squamous-cell skin cancer is more likely to spread. It usually presents as a hard lump with a scaly top but may also form an ulcer.
Melanoma[edit | edit source]
Melanoma is the least common, but most aggressive and most likely to spread. It starts as a dark area similar to a mole.
Causes[edit | edit source]
The primary cause of skin cancer is UV radiation from the sun or tanning beds, which damages the DNA in skin cells, leading to cancer. Other risk factors include having a large number of moles, a family history of skin cancer, a weak immune system, and certain rare genetic conditions.
Prevention[edit | edit source]
Prevention includes reducing UV exposure by wearing sun-protective clothing, avoiding the sun during the hottest part of the day, and using a broad-spectrum sunscreen. Regular check-ups can also help detect skin cancer early.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment depends on the type of skin cancer, the size and location of the tumor, and the patient's general health. Options may include surgery, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, or chemotherapy.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
