Chlorothiazide sodium

Chlorothiazide Sodium is a diuretic and antihypertensive medication that belongs to the thiazide class of drugs. It is primarily used in the treatment of hypertension and edema.

Pharmacology

Chlorothiazide Sodium works by inhibiting the sodium-chloride symporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron. This action prevents the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions, leading to an increase in the excretion of water and electrolytes in the urine. The reduction in fluid volume helps to lower blood pressure and reduce swelling.

Clinical Use

Chlorothiazide Sodium is used in the management of conditions such as congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, and renal disease, where fluid overload is a common complication. It is also used as a first-line treatment for essential hypertension.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Chlorothiazide Sodium include dehydration, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, and hyperuricemia. Less common but more serious side effects can include hypotension, gout, and acute kidney injury.

Contraindications

Chlorothiazide Sodium is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to thiazide diuretics or sulfonamide-derived drugs. It should also be used with caution in patients with severe renal or hepatic impairment.

Interactions

Chlorothiazide Sodium can interact with a number of other medications, including digoxin, lithium, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These interactions can lead to increased risk of side effects or reduced effectiveness of the medication.

See Also

• Thiazide
• Hypertension
• Edema
• Diuretic
• Antihypertensive