Leukoderma

Leukoderma is a cutaneous condition, an acquired loss of pigmentation in the skin, that is characterized by the local or widespread occurrence of white patches. It is also known as Vitiligo.

Causes

The exact cause of leukoderma is not known, but several theories have been proposed. Some researchers believe that it is caused by an autoimmune response, while others suggest that it may be due to a defect in the melanocytes, the cells that produce the skin pigment melanin. Genetic factors may also play a role, as the condition often runs in families.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of leukoderma is the appearance of white patches on the skin. These patches can occur anywhere on the body, but are most commonly found on the hands, feet, arms, face, and lips. The patches may be small and localized at first, but can spread and become larger over time. The skin within the patches may be normal, or it may be dry and rough.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of leukoderma is typically based on a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions. A Wood's lamp examination, which uses ultraviolet light to highlight areas of depigmentation, may also be used.

Treatment

There is currently no cure for leukoderma, but several treatments are available that can help to slow the progression of the disease and improve the appearance of the skin. These include topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) therapy. In some cases, tattooing or skin grafting may be used to restore color to the white patches.

See also

• Vitiligo
• Melanocyte
• Autoimmune disease
• Skin biopsy
• Wood's lamp

Leukoderma Resources
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