Amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium
A combination antibiotic used to treat various infections
Amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium, commonly known by the brand name Augmentin, is a combination antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It consists of amoxicillin, a penicillin-type antibiotic, and clavulanic acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor. This combination enhances the effectiveness of amoxicillin by preventing bacterial resistance mechanisms.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Amoxicillin works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, leading to cell lysis and death. However, some bacteria produce beta-lactamase enzymes that can inactivate amoxicillin. Clavulanic acid inhibits these enzymes, allowing amoxicillin to remain effective against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.
Indications[edit | edit source]
Amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium is indicated for the treatment of various infections, including:
Dosage and Administration[edit | edit source]
The dosage of amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium varies depending on the severity and type of infection, as well as patient factors such as age and renal function. It is available in oral and intravenous formulations. Common oral dosages include 500 mg/125 mg and 875 mg/125 mg tablets.
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects include:
Serious side effects, though rare, may include:
Contraindications[edit | edit source]
Amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to penicillins or cephalosporins. It should be used with caution in patients with hepatic impairment.
Drug Interactions[edit | edit source]
Amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium may interact with:
Pharmacokinetics[edit | edit source]
Amoxicillin is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with a bioavailability of approximately 70%. Clavulanic acid has a bioavailability of about 60%. Both components are primarily excreted by the kidneys.
History[edit | edit source]
Amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium was first introduced in the 1980s and has since become a widely used antibiotic due to its broad spectrum of activity and ability to overcome bacterial resistance.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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