Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride

Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride

Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride is a muscle relaxant medication primarily used to relieve skeletal muscle spasms and associated pain in acute musculoskeletal conditions. It is chemically related to tricyclic antidepressants and is often prescribed as a short-term treatment adjunct to rest and physical therapy.

Pharmacology

Cyclobenzaprine works by acting on the central nervous system rather than directly on skeletal muscles. It is believed to reduce tonic somatic motor activity, influencing both gamma and alpha motor systems. The exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve a reduction in the release of excitatory neurotransmitters.

Chemical Structure

Cyclobenzaprine is a tricyclic amine salt, structurally similar to Amitriptyline, a well-known antidepressant. Its chemical formula is C20H21N·HCl, and it is typically administered in the form of its hydrochloride salt.

Indications

Cyclobenzaprine is indicated for the relief of muscle spasm associated with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions. It is most effective when used in conjunction with rest and physical therapy. It is not recommended for long-term use, typically prescribed for a duration of 2 to 3 weeks.

Dosage and Administration

Cyclobenzaprine is available in immediate-release and extended-release formulations. The usual adult dose for the immediate-release form is 5 mg three times a day, which may be increased to 10 mg three times a day based on patient response. The extended-release form is typically dosed at 15 mg once daily, which can be increased to 30 mg once daily if needed.

Side Effects

Common side effects of cyclobenzaprine include drowsiness, dry mouth, fatigue, and dizziness. Due to its sedative properties, patients are advised to avoid activities requiring mental alertness, such as driving or operating heavy machinery, until they know how the medication affects them.

Contraindications

Cyclobenzaprine is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to the drug, those with hyperthyroidism, heart block, arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, and during the acute recovery phase of myocardial infarction. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of urinary retention, angle-closure glaucoma, and increased intraocular pressure.

Drug Interactions

Cyclobenzaprine may interact with other central nervous system depressants, such as alcohol, benzodiazepines, and opioids, enhancing their sedative effects. It should not be used concomitantly with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 days of discontinuing MAOI therapy due to the risk of serious, potentially fatal interactions.

Also see

• Muscle relaxant
• Tricyclic antidepressant
• Skeletal muscle
• Acute pain management

CaptionSynonyms

Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride

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