Glucokinase regulator

Glucagon-like peptide (GLP) is a term that refers to two incretin hormones, namely GLP-1 and GLP-2, which are produced in the intestine and released in response to food intake. These peptides play a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels and intestinal growth, respectively.

GLP-1

GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1) is a potent hormone that induces insulin secretion. It is released from L cells in the intestine in response to food intake. GLP-1 has several functions, including enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon secretion, slowing gastric emptying, and reducing food intake. These actions collectively help to regulate postprandial glucose levels.

GLP-2

GLP-2 (Glucagon-like peptide-2) is also released from L cells in the intestine, but its primary role is to regulate intestinal growth and absorption. GLP-2 stimulates the growth of the intestinal lining, enhances nutrient absorption, and reduces intestinal permeability. It is being investigated for its potential use in treating intestinal diseases such as short bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.

Clinical significance

GLP-1 and GLP-2 have significant clinical implications, particularly in the management of diabetes and intestinal diseases. GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors, which increase the levels or action of GLP-1, are widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. On the other hand, synthetic GLP-2 is used to treat short bowel syndrome and is being investigated for other intestinal diseases.

See also

• Incretin
• Insulin
• Glucagon
• Diabetes
• Short bowel syndrome
• Inflammatory bowel disease