Respiratory System

Respiratory System

The Respiratory System is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies greatly, depending on the size of the organism, the environment in which it lives and its evolutionary history.

Anatomy

In humans and other mammals, the anatomy of a typical respiratory system is the Respiratory Tract. The tract is divided into an upper and a lower respiratory tract. The upper tract includes the nose and nasal passages, paranasal sinuses, and throat or pharynx. The lower tract includes the lower airway that comprises the voice box or larynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles, and the lungs.

Physiology

The primary function of the respiratory system is the exchange of gases. The respiratory system allows for the proper exchange and transport of gases to and from the lungs. The process of gas exchange occurs through respiration or breathing. In inhalation, oxygen enters the lungs and diffuses into the bloodstream. During exhalation, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the lungs and is expelled from the body.

Diseases

There are many diseases and conditions that can affect the respiratory system, such as Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Lung Cancer, Pneumonia, and Tuberculosis. These diseases can affect the airway, the lungs, or related structures and can cause a variety of symptoms including shortness of breath, cough, and chest pain.

Treatment

Treatment for respiratory diseases can vary greatly depending on the specific disease or condition. Treatments can include medication, lifestyle changes, surgery, or a combination of these. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

See Also

• Human Body
• Circulatory System
• Digestive System
• Nervous System

References

Respiratory System Resources
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