Trichoblastic carcinoma

Trichoblastic Carcinoma is a rare and aggressive form of skin cancer that originates from the hair follicle. It is also known as Trichoblastoma, although the latter is generally considered a benign variant.

Etiology

The exact cause of Trichoblastic Carcinoma is unknown. However, it is believed to be associated with genetic mutations, particularly in the PTCH1 gene. This gene is involved in the regulation of cell growth and division, and mutations can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation, leading to the formation of a tumor.

Clinical Presentation

Trichoblastic Carcinoma typically presents as a solitary, rapidly growing nodule on the skin. It can occur anywhere on the body, but is most commonly found on the head and neck. The tumor is often ulcerated and may bleed easily. Pain is not a common symptom, although it may occur if the tumor invades underlying tissues.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Trichoblastic Carcinoma is based on histopathological examination of a biopsy specimen. The tumor is characterized by the presence of basaloid cells, which resemble the cells found in the outer layer of the hair follicle. Immunohistochemical staining can also be used to confirm the diagnosis, with the tumor cells typically expressing markers such as Bcl-2, CD34, and Ki-67.

Treatment

Treatment of Trichoblastic Carcinoma typically involves surgical excision of the tumor, with a wide margin to ensure complete removal. In cases where the tumor has metastasized, chemotherapy and radiation therapy may also be used. The prognosis for patients with Trichoblastic Carcinoma is generally poor, due to the aggressive nature of the tumor and the high likelihood of recurrence.

See Also

• Skin Cancer
• Trichoblastoma
• PTCH1
• Bcl-2
• CD34
• Ki-67

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