Post-partum depression

Postpartum Depression is a type of mood disorder associated with childbirth, which can affect both sexes. Symptoms may include extreme sadness, low energy, anxiety, crying episodes, irritability, and changes in sleeping or eating patterns.

Overview

Postpartum depression is estimated to affect 1 in every 7 mothers. The condition is typically described as a long-lasting form of depression that occurs after childbirth. It is different from the "baby blues," which many women experience in the first week after birth and is characterized by mood swings, feelings of being overwhelmed, and trouble sleeping.

Symptoms

Symptoms of postpartum depression can include a persistent feeling of sadness, excessive crying, difficulty bonding with the baby, withdrawal from family and friends, loss of appetite or eating much more than usual, inability to sleep or sleeping too much, overwhelming fatigue or decreased energy, reduced interest and pleasure in activities once enjoyed, intense irritability and anger, fear of not being a good mother, feelings of worthlessness, shame, guilt, or inadequacy, diminished ability to think clearly, concentrate or make decisions, severe anxiety and panic attacks, thoughts of harming oneself or the baby, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.

Causes

While the exact cause of postpartum depression is unknown, it is thought to be a result of a combination of physical and emotional factors. After childbirth, the levels of hormones (estrogen and progesterone) in a woman's body quickly drop. This leads to chemical changes in the brain that may trigger mood swings. In addition, many mothers are unable to get the rest they need to fully recover from giving birth. Constant sleep deprivation can lead to physical discomfort and exhaustion, which can contribute to the symptoms of postpartum depression.

Treatment

Treatment for postpartum depression may include psychotherapy (also called talk therapy or mental health counseling), medication, and other methods. Psychotherapy involves talking with a mental health professional about your thoughts and feelings. Medication typically involves the use of antidepressants. A mental health professional can provide information about the risks and benefits of various treatment options.

See Also

• Depression (mood)
• Childbirth
• Psychotherapy
• Antidepressant