Sutton disease II

Sutton Disease II, also known as Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) or Canker Sores, is a common condition characterized by the recurrent formation of benign and non-contagious mouth ulcers in an otherwise healthy oral mucosa. These ulcers are typically small, round, or oval with a white or yellow center and a red border, often causing pain, especially when eating, drinking, or speaking. The exact cause of Sutton Disease II is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic predisposition, local trauma, stress, hormonal changes, and certain food sensitivities.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

The primary symptom of Sutton Disease II is the appearance of painful ulcers in the mouth, which may be preceded by a tingling or burning sensation. These ulcers often appear on the inner cheeks, lips, tongue, base of the gums, and, less commonly, on the soft palate. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic appearance of the ulcers and a history of recurrence. There are no specific laboratory tests for Sutton Disease II, but tests may be conducted to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms, such as Herpes Simplex Virus infection, Behçet's Disease, or vitamin deficiencies.

Treatment

There is no cure for Sutton Disease II, but treatment focuses on alleviating pain, reducing ulcer duration, and preventing recurrence. Treatment options include topical corticosteroids, antiseptic mouthwashes, and systemic medications for more severe cases. Avoiding known triggers, such as certain foods and oral hygiene products, can also help manage the condition.

Epidemiology

Sutton Disease II is a widespread condition affecting individuals of all ages, genders, and ethnic backgrounds, though it is more common in younger adults and females. The prevalence varies globally, but it is estimated that about 20% of the population will experience recurrent aphthous stomatitis at some point in their lives.

Pathophysiology

The pathogenesis of Sutton Disease II is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve a complex interplay of genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. An aberrant immune response to minor oral trauma or stress may trigger the development of ulcers. There is also evidence suggesting a role for microbial factors, nutritional deficiencies (particularly iron, folate, and vitamin B12), hormonal influences, and genetic predisposition.

See Also

• Oral Mucosa
• Ulcer
• Immune System

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