Dalbavancin hydrochloride

Dalbavancin Hydrochloride is an antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections. It is a semi-synthetic lipoglycopeptide that was developed to improve upon the natural glycopeptides currently in use, such as vancomycin and teicoplanin.

History

Dalbavancin was first developed by Vicuron Pharmaceuticals, which was later acquired by Pfizer. The drug was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States in 2014.

Mechanism of Action

Dalbavancin works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to the death of the bacteria. It is particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Streptococcus pyogenes.

Clinical Use

Dalbavancin is used for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) caused by certain susceptible bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, and the Streptococcus anginosus group (including S. anginosus, S. intermedius, and S. constellatus).

Side Effects

Common side effects of dalbavancin include nausea, headache, and diarrhea. Serious side effects may include allergic reactions, infusion reactions, and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.

Pharmacokinetics

Dalbavancin has a long half-life, which allows for once-weekly dosing. It is primarily excreted in the urine.

See Also

• List of antibiotics
• Glycopeptide antibiotics
• Vancomycin
• Teicoplanin